"The Petroleum and Natural Gas Division of the United Sates Bureau of Mines makes technologic and scientific investigations pertaining to the production, transportation, and refining of crude oil and natural gas and the use of their products with the view of reducing waste, increasing safety and efficiency, and aiding economic development. This division became an officially recognized unit of the Bureau on July1, 1914. Prior to that time samples of crude oil had been analyzed in the fuel-testing laboratory at Pittsburgh, Pa., and a small laboratory was maintained in the Custom house at San Francisco for the purpose of analyzing fuel oils used by the Government. As the work on oil and gas has increased in the intervening years, several field headquarters have been established in order to maintain closer contact with the industry. Today, in addition to its Washington office, the Petroleum and Natural Gas Division maintains two petroleum experiment stations, one at Bartlesville, Okla., and the other at Laramie, Wyo., and petroleum field offices at San Francisco, Calif., and Dallas, Tex. This division also operates the Government-owned Cliffside structure, which contains helium-bearing gas, and the helium plant near Amarillo, Tex., which supplies the armed forces of the United States with lifting gas for their lighter-than-air craft. A cryogenic or low-temperature laboratory is maintained as a necessary adjunct to the helium operations, and a number of problems relating to natural gas and petroleum are being studied in that laboratory. A supervising engineer is in immediate charge of each of these field headquarters."